Spring Boot.配置一

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一.配置文件

1.Spring Boot应用一个全局配置文件，配置文件名是固定的，可以使用下面这两种文件：

      1.application.properties

      2.application.yml（YAML语法）

2.配置文件的作用：修改Spring Boot自动配置的默认值。

3.配置文件可以放在以下几个位置

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注：如果这几个位置都有配置文件就安优先级别进行读取“图片标识1的”为JAR内最优先级别，如果1里面和234都有的属性，只取1里面的，如果1里面没有234里面有那就形成互补配置。

4.自定义位置（必须打包成jar在运行时指定）

代码：

java -jar jar包名 --spring.config.location=配置文件位置

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注：JAR外优先JAR内的配置，它也会跟项目里的配置文件形成互补配置

5.直接放在跟jar同级目录运行时就会读取这个配置

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二.使用@ConfigurationProperties把配置文件里的值映射到组件中

1.JAVA编写

目录结构：

23

Person.java：

package cn.luoruiyuan.test.bean;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")//全局配置文件
public class Person {
	private String lastName;
	private Integer age;
	private Boolean boss;
	private Date birth;
	
	private Map<String,Object> maps;
	private List<Object> lists;
	private Dog dog;
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Boolean getBoss() {
		return boss;
	}
	public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
		this.boss = boss;
	}
	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}
	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}
	public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
		return maps;
	}
	public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
		this.maps = maps;
	}
	public List getLists() {
		return lists;
	}
	public void setLists(List lists) {
		this.lists = lists;
	}
	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}
	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [lastName=" + lastName + ", age=" + age + ", boss=" + boss + ", birth=" + birth + ", maps="
				+ maps + ", lists=" + lists + ", dog=" + dog + "]";
	}
	
}

Dog.java

package cn.luoruiyuan.test.bean;

public class Dog {
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Dog [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
}

2.配置文件编写，下面两个配置文件用一个就行

目录结构：

24

application.properties中的配置

#配置person的值
person.lastName=张三
person.age=18
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=v2
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=dog
person.dog.age=2

或者application.yml中的配置

#配置person的值
person:
  lastName: 张三
  age: 18
  boss: false
  birth: 2017/12/12
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
  lists:
    - lisi
    - zhaoliu
  dog:
    name: 小狗
    age: 8

3.pom.xml添加依赖

		<!-- 导入配置文件处理器，配置文件进绑定就会有提示-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>

4.单元测试

目录结构：

25

JAVA代码

package cn.luoruiyuan.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import cn.luoruiyuan.test.bean.Person;

/**
 * 
 * Spring Boot 单元测试
 * 可以在测试期间很方便的类似编码一样进行自动注入容器
 * 
 * @SpringBootTest:表是是一个单元测试
 * @RunWith：表示用SpringRunner来跑这个测试
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBootTestApplicationTests {
	
	@Autowired
	Person person;
	
	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
		System.out.println(person);
	}

}

5.我用的是application.yml输出结果

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6.ConfigurationProperties优点

1）批量注入

2）松散绑定

配置文件中写法不用完全一致如下写法都可以

person.lastName

person.last-name

person.last_name

PERSON_FIRST_NAME

3）支持校验

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三.使用@Value把配置文件里的值映射到组件中

1.上面除了Person.java其它的文件内容没有修改

Person.java:

package cn.luoruiyuan.test.bean;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Person {
	@Value("${person.lastName}")
	private String lastName;
	@Value("#{11*2}")
	private Integer age;
	@Value("true")
	private Boolean boss;
	private Date birth;
	
	private Map<String,Object> maps;
	private List<Object> lists;
	private Dog dog;
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Boolean getBoss() {
		return boss;
	}
	public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
		this.boss = boss;
	}
	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}
	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}
	public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
		return maps;
	}
	public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
		this.maps = maps;
	}
	public List getLists() {
		return lists;
	}
	public void setLists(List lists) {
		this.lists = lists;
	}
	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}
	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [lastName=" + lastName + ", age=" + age + ", boss=" + boss + ", birth=" + birth + ", maps="
				+ maps + ", lists=" + lists + ", dog=" + dog + "]";
	}
	
}

2.输出结果：

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3.Value优点

1）支持SpEL表达示（#{11*2}）

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4.Value缺点

1）不支持复杂类型（如：${person.maps}）

四.使用@PropertySource+@ConfigurationProperties把指定配置文件里的值映射到组件中

PropertySource可以加载指定的配置文件（写一个数组加载多个配置文件）

1.Person.java:

package cn.luoruiyuan.test.bean;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@PropertySource(value={"classpath:person.properties"})//获取指定配置文件
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="person")//全局配置文件

public class Person {
	
	private String lastName;
	private Integer age;
	private Boolean boss;
	private Date birth;
	
	private Map<String,Object> maps;
	private List<Object> lists;
	private Dog dog;
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public Boolean getBoss() {
		return boss;
	}
	public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
		this.boss = boss;
	}
	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}
	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}
	public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
		return maps;
	}
	public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
		this.maps = maps;
	}
	public List getLists() {
		return lists;
	}
	public void setLists(List lists) {
		this.lists = lists;
	}
	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}
	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [lastName=" + lastName + ", age=" + age + ", boss=" + boss + ", birth=" + birth + ", maps="
				+ maps + ", lists=" + lists + ", dog=" + dog + "]";
	}
	
}

2.person.properties（application.yml和application.properties不能写配置信息不然会读全局的)

#配置person的值
person.lastName=11111111111
person.age=18
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=v2
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=dog
person.dog.age=2

3.输出结果

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五.配置文件中使用站位符

1.使用随机数

${random.value}
${random.int}
${random.long}
${random.int(10)}
${random.int[1024,65536]}

2.使用配置中的值，如果没有可以设置默认值

${person.aaa:aaa}

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3.输出

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作者：数据分享发表，转载请注明来源！
关键词：BOOT
分类：Spring Boot

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